|
| combatant2 = Kingdom of France | commander1 = Lucio Mansilla | commander2 = Samuel Inglefield | strength2 = 11 warships | strength1 = 2160 men 4 coastal batteries 1 brigantine 2 gunboats | casualties2 = 28 killed 95 wounded Multiple damage to the warships, forcing emergency repairs. | casualties1 = 150 killed 90 wounded 1 brigantine lost 21 cannons lost}} The naval Battle of Vuelta de Obligado took place on the waters of the Paraná River on November 20, 1845, between the Argentine Confederation, under the leadership of Juan Manuel de Rosas, and a combined Anglo-French fleet. == Background == During the 1830s and 1840s, the British and French governments were at odds with Rosas' leadership of the Argentine Confederation. Rosas' economic policies of requiring trade to pass through the Buenos Aires custom house -which was his method of imposing his will on the Littoral provinces- combined with his attempts to incorporate Paraguay and Uruguay to the Confederation, were in conflict with French and British economic interests in the region. During his government, Rosas had to face numerous problems with these foreign powers, which in some cases reached levels of open confrontation. These incidents included two naval blockades, the French blockade in 1838, and the Anglo-French of 1845.〔.〕 With the development of steam-powered sailing (which mainly took place in Great Britain, France and the USA) in the third decade of the 19th century, large merchant and military ships became capable of sailing up rivers at a good speed and with a heavy load. Lord Palmerston was the first to propose the use of steamers for commerce along the internal waters of Argentina in 1841.〔 This technology allowed the British and French governments to avoid the custom house in Buenos Aires by sailing directly through the La Plata estuary and engaging in commerce directly with the Entrerrian, Correntine, Uruguayan and Paraguayan inland cities. This avoided Buenos Airean taxation, guaranteed special rights for the Europeans and allowed them to export their products cheaply. Rosas' government tried to stop this practice by declaring the Argentine rivers closed to foreign countries, barring access to Paraguay and other ports in the process. The British and French governments did not acknowledge this declaration and decided to defy Rosas by sailing upstream with a joint fleet, setting the stage for the battle.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Battle of Vuelta de Obligado」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|